Fruiting and Harvesting Mushrooms

Part 2 : Unit 5 : Fruiting and Harvesting Mushrooms

This is both the most nerve racking and rewarding step of them all. If everything has gone well, your monotub should be incubating for about 10 days now. Using a flashlight, you can peek through the clear plastic to see how the colonization of mycelium is going. Once it has fully covered the entire substrate with a snow-white blanket, jeweled with lots of tiny dewdrops, it’s time for the “fruiting process” to begin.  Basically, this involves gently introducing a flow of fresh air, and bringing on a very slow process of evaporating the moisture on the surface of the mycelium. These conditions spark the fruiting process of the mycelium cake, where tiny knots start forming on the surface of the mycelium. These knots turn to mushroom pins, which in turn, become fully grown mushrooms – all within the space of a few days.

Table of Contents - Fruiting Mushrooms and Harvesting

Putting your Monotub into Fruiting Conditions

Items needed
  • Flashlight
  • Blanket
  • Patience
  • Patience
  • Patience
  • Patience
  • Patience
Notes & Tips
  • Avoid opening the tub at all costs for the first 10 days of incubation.
  • You can shine a flashlight through the side of the monotub to see the mycelium spreading.
  • If you notice any signs of foreign contamination such as green moulds, or a sour smell, discard of the contents of the tub far away and downwind of your growing environment.
  • When the time comes to open the tub, be careful not to let any water droplets fall on the surface of the mycelium.
Fruiting Mushroom Pins
Cubensis Mushroom Pinning

Video Tutorial : Fruiting Your Monotub​

The video markers above 👆🏼correspond to the the various Steps in this Unit. Click on them to skip to a Step.

Step 1 : Remove the lid from the Monotub and drain any Water from it.

After about 10 days of incubation, try to peek inside the tub without opening it to see if all the surface of the grain / substrate cake is covered in mycelium. If it is, proceed to carefully open the lid, without letting any water droplets from the lid fall onto the mycelium cake. Wipe down the water from the inside of the lid, and place it back on the tub.

Step 2 : Cut out the Air Vents from the Monotub.

Next, use a scalpel to re-cut out the 8 holes in the monotub, by slicing through the gorilla / duct tape. Once cut out, cover these holes once again with a single layer of micropore tape. If the piece of micropore tape is not large enough to cover the entire hole, use a second piece with a small overlap. If you don’t have micropore tape, you can fill the holes with polyfil fibers instead. These will act as air filters, allowing in air, but keeping bugs and contaminants out. These 8 holes should allow for enough FAE inside the tub without the need of opening the lid to let air in.

Step 3 : Avoid Touching, Opening or Moving your Monotub during Incubation.

Pace the tub in an area which has indirect light. In the next week or so, FAE in the tub will start evaporating the water inside it. This evaporation will trigger baby mushroom pinning on the surface of the mycelium. If the sides and lid of the tub become totally dry, spray them with some water using the fine-mist spray, although this should not generally be needed until the first flush. 

Pictures : Freshly Opened Monotubs and Perfect "Mycelium Cake" Surface Conditions.

Harvesting your Magic Mushrooms

Items needed
  • Knife
  • Cutting board
  • And yeah, a fruiting tub!
Notes & Tips
  • Twist the mushrooms from their base to try to get them free of the cake.
  • Prepare for the step after harvesting. If you're drying, make sure you have a food dehydrator ready, etc.
Freshly Harvested Psilocybe Cubensis Mushrooms

Video Tutorial : Harvesting your First Flush

The video markers above 👆🏼correspond to the the various Steps in this Unit. Click on them to skip to a Step.

Step 1 : Prepare the Monotub (and yourself) for the Harvest.

Put on a pair of gloves, look around inside your tub and bask in the glory of your first flush! Identify the mushrooms which are ready for harvesting and think about how you will access them with minimal damage to their surroundings.  You are looking for mushrooms with veils have opened, or just about to open.
Mushroom veil just about to open
Mushroom veil just about to open

Step 2 : Pick and Harvest Mushrooms

Hold the bottom of the stem of your first mushroom, and gently twist it until it disconnects from the mycelium cake. You can also tip the mushroom over the break it off at the base. You want to create as little damage as possible to the cake when doing this. Place all your mushrooms in a container such that all the caps are on the same side, so that the substrate at the base of each mushroom doesn’t stick to the body of the other mushrooms. Repeat the process once or twice a day for the next 2-3 days, until you have completed the harvest of your first flush.
Twist to Pluck Mushrooms
Twist to Pluck Mushrooms

Step 2 : Clean off Remaining Substrate or Dirt from Mushroom

Use a cutting board and knife to chop off the substrate-covered base of each mushroom, and gently brush off any substrate residue, until you have a pile of clean mushrooms. Do not wash them as this will reduce their potency!

Cut Base of Mushroom
Cut off Substrate from base

Pictures : Mushrooms Ready for Harvesting

Cubensis Ready to Harvest
Cubensis Ready to Harvest
Full Flush of Cubensis
Full Flush of Cubensis
Chopping Magic Mushrooms
Chopping Magic Mushrooms

Drying and Storing your Magic Mushrooms

Items needed
  • Dehydrater
  • Ziploc bags or mason jars
  • Silica gel packs
Notes & Tips
  • Don't wash the mushrooms, it will reduce their potency.
  • Start the dehydrator at 95°F or use a "low" setting to begin with.
  • Rotate the mushrooms around in the dehydrater every few hours so that they dry as evenly as possible.
dry cubensis scaled e1630977066486

Video Tutorial : Drying and Storing your Mushrooms

The video markers above 👆🏼correspond to the the various Steps in this Unit. Click on them to skip to a Step.

Step 1 : Dry Mushrooms in Food Dehydrator

Place freshly picked and cleaned mushrooms on the trays of the dehydrator. Very large or chunky mushrooms should be split in two to facilitate drying. Once in, run the dehydrator at temperatures around 95-100 F for between 12-24 hours. 

Step 2 : Verify Mushrooms are Bone Dry

Over the drying period, occasionally inspect the mushrooms by touching and bending them. They are considered “bone dry” when then snap on bending. Once all mushrooms have become bone dry they are ready for long term packaging.

Step 3 : Package and Seal Mushroom Jars

Get an airtight container such as a mason jar. Place 2 silica gel packs in the bottom of the jar. Fill the jar half way with dry magic mushrooms. Place another two silica gel packs mid way through the jar. Fill the jar to the brim with dry mushrooms and add a final two silica packs, making a total of 6. Seal the jar tightly with a regular, unmodified lid. This jar should be stored in a dark, cool and dry place. The dry mushrooms can be kept this way for several years.
Previous

Next Unit: Managing additional flushes. Learn how to rehydrate and feed your mycelium cake so that it gives additional (up to 3-4) magic mushroom flushes. Love your cake, and it will love you back.

Next

35 Responses

  1. Hi!!! Thanks for this tutorial!!! One question how much weight can you make out of this same set up? I just bought the same following your instructions… Thanks you so much!

    Reply

    1. Total crop can vary due to the nutrients, number of flushes, contamination, etc. Saying that, you can expect anywhere from 600-1200 grams of wet mushrooms from this setup (or more, if you keep clean flushes).

      Reply

  2. I have a question about a second fruiting. Since there are many more mushrooms left, can you let them grow and pick the second batch after initial harvest? Or should you only harvest the first fruiting and then toss the remaining spores that need more time since they are farther down in the substrate? Thanks in advance.

    Reply

    1. Good question. I find that for me, this depends whether the growth in the tub is even or not. In tubs with even growth of the mushrooms, where they are mostly the same shape and size, I usually harvest them all, then clean the substrate from remaining undeveloped pins (to avoid the rot), and then re-inject with liquid. Sometimes the tub grows unevenly, and then it’s more of an ongoing process of picking and rehydrating than straight flushes.

      Reply

  3. Helo,
    Very nice instruction. Thanx. I was just wondering, you say “be careful not to let any water droplets fall on the surface of the mycelium”. If there is a lot of condensation and dropping of huge droplets mycelium… what is the down side of it? How to go about afterwards? I guess a thic layer of mycelium formes instead of fluffy small pins…

    Reply

    1. Thank you! Water can suffocate mycelium if it pools on top of it, and usually prevents the area covered with water from pinning. Also, pools of water on top of the mycelium may indicate that your CVG substrate was over hydrated, so you can dial your water ratios better next time around.

      Reply

  4. Hi funguy, so I have made it this far and what an adventure it has been, my compliments to you! I have a couple of questions if you don’t mind? Coming into FAE, the tubs are humid as the walls and lid are all misted up, although not to the point where there was an impending chance of water droplets from the lid falling onto the cake, does the humidity of the tub need to be such that you, can visibly see signs of water droplets on the cake surface for pinning to occur. All of my grown is Tomentose and not Rhizomorphic, every guide seems to be Rhizomorphic growth so i can’t seem to find a baseline comparison.

    Many Thanks

    Reply

    1. Thank you for the kind words. This is a good question, and your observations are correct. Usually some really fine humidity droplets appear on the mycelium, some classic examples can be found in the various pinning pictures on this page for both rhizomorphic & tomentose growth, you can click on the images to enlarge them and zoom in. I’ll add some image captions as well for better clarity. I was happy to see the followup message saying you had success!

      Reply

  5. So is it best at this point to introduce a humidifier line into each tub? Or is it best to inject distilled water into the soil in several places? If so do you inject or spray the nutrient probiotic as well?

    Thanks

    Reply

    1. Your question touches two important points, which I will try to separate and clarify. The injection of water into the mycelium cake (or dunking of the cake in water) rehydrates the cake and provides water for the mushrooms to grow. The humidity caused by the closed tub (or a humidifier) create the fruiting and growing conditions for the mushrooms to develop. Now, let’s talk about each separately :
      Misting – In general, unless you have extreme environmental conditions which are drying up your tub, you shouldn’t need to re-mist until after the first flush. You should mist (or carefully add a humidifier with a humidity gauge into) your tub only if you see the tub walls no longer contain small droplets and are dry.
      Rehydrating the cake – Rehydration of the cake should happen after every flush, and can either be done by injecting distilled water / nutrient probiotics into the cake, or by dunking the cake in water for 12-24 hours and then putting it back in the tub. Hope this clarifies!

      Reply

  6. So an update on my last two tubs (done at the same time). I used your substrate mixture and im on my third-flush and no infection. This process has increased my yield as well as investment quite a bit..Thank you dewd!
    Since I did these last 2 tubs (still producing at 2+ months later) im set on using this substate mixture.
    So when doing non-pciclosibin strains is this still a good substrate combination to use? Or would using the 50/50 masters mix (wood pellets/soy bean husks) be more effective?
    Thanks!

    Reply

    1. Congratulations! Matching the type of substrate to the mushroom is very important. For example, “dung lovers” (such as cubensis) won’t do too well on just wood/pellet substrate, and vice versa. Saying that, I believe that the probiotic mixture extends the life of the mycelium cake, no matter the species. This might be a good question for Dr. Myc himself.

      Reply

  7. Hi there, thank you so much for the tutorial. It’s amazing, most helpful to have found so far.
    Just a question, when the mycelium is ready for the fruiting period, can I put it under a grow lamp? I have a full spectrum one 800W.

    Reply

    1. Thank you! Light is not strictly required for the growth of magic mushrooms. They don’t photosynthesize like plants do. From my understanding, the light simply helps the mushrooms figure out which direction to grow in, and not much more. Generally speaking, ambient, non direct light for about 10-12 hour a day is required. So, if you live in a place that has plenty of sunlight during the day, you can just place the tub in a room with a window and that should be fine – otherwise you can use some artificial lighting. My only concern with artificial lighting is the heat it might give off, and the fact that it might dry up the moisture inside the tub.

      Reply

      1. Really appreciate the reply and advice, thank you. i do have a room that gets plenty of indirect sunlight so will try that. Thank you again!

        Reply

  8. From what I’ve read higher temperatures during dehydration don’t break down psilocybin but reduce the dry time and the time exposed to air, which does weaken psilocybin. Anything up to 250-300. I’ve also seen where older theories say only use low temperatures. Do you have an opinion or experience on this?

    Reply

    1. I have an opinion, and limited experience…as i always use temps around 95-100 F and don’t stray much from it. I once heard the very valid argument that psilocybin doesn’t get destroyed or degraded when concocted into tea (around 200 F), so there’s no danger in using higher temps in drying either. I still use the 100 F mark, which does the job in about 24 hours, depending on the size of the fruits. I can’t say i feel any significant degradation at those periods of time.

      Reply

    1. If by “membrane” you mean “veil”, then the answer is yes. Ideally you want to pick them before they have started shedding spores on the mycelium, and that happens just after their veils open.

      Reply

  10. I have lots of small mushrooms (about 1 to 1 1/2 inch tall) left after harvesting my first flush. Will these grow or should I pick them to prepare for my second flush?

    Reply

    1. It’s difficult for me to say without seeing a picture. Some mushrooms just grow small, or are not fully developed, while others “abort” at an early stage. If you’re looking at mushroom “aborts”, then it’s better to pick them before the next flush to avoid having them rot…otherwise, it’s ok to leave them to grow a bit more.

      Reply

  11. Hey man just a few questions out of curiosty. Is injecting liquid culture directly into the mycelium cake okay? Why is it bad to not let the veils break on fruiting mushrooms? – My imagination tells me that it would allow for infinite future flushes as spores are re-introduced to the growing medium. How many flushes can you expect from this kind of setup? Thank you for your advice and thank you again for this amazing resource 🙂

    Reply

    1. Hi There! 1) Injecting LC into substrate directly never really worked for me. The substrate is usually not sterile, and the mycelium will die out. There’s a certain growth momentum you need to match to give the mushrooms a good enough chance to survive. Think of it like building a fire…you start with the twigs, then add the sticks, and then the logs. If you go directly from the twigs to the logs, the fire most likely won’t have enough momentum to make it.
      2) Once the veils break, the spores from the mushrooms are released. Once the spores land on the mycelium, they prevent further pinning of new waves of mushrooms (not sure why). So you want to avoid that, usually by harvesting the mushrooms before they sporulate.
      3) Depending on how clean your work was, you can get anything from 3-5 flushes.

      Reply

  12. Fantastic my friend, I understand completely. Thanks for the fast replies (i saw your other one on the previous tutorial too) – good health and good luck to you! 🙂

    Reply

  13. Thanks for all of your work!! what can i do if there is no fruiting!. all of the mycelium has colonizated the box. ive given some direct airflow but ther seem to be no fruiting , ive seen somewhere that this is called overlay. is there a way to avoid this or was a culture has overlayed can it be saved?

    Reply

    1. Without seeing the situation it’s hard to tell. I’m not familiar with the term or process of “overlay”, but for now I would suggest patience and observation. Keep the FAE going and make sure humidity is at decent levels. Good luck!

      Reply

  14. Hello and thank you for this amazing post!! I have a little question:
    I inoculated the substrate a week ago with grain spawn of thai cubs, and it is still in incubation. I am starting to see the mycelium resurfacing to the top. It mostly looks like a thick network of spider webs, which i think it’s correct, but in some area it’literally popping out the substrate in little clusters that look like pop corns. Is this to be expected? ma i doing something wrong?

    Reply

    1. That sounds about right. Mycelium grown and colonization are not always uniform, and some white patches may grow faster than in other places on the mycelium cake. This is especially true if you incorporate additional nutrients such as manure. Keep on, and have patience!

      Reply

  15. Thank you for all you do!
    First tub ever is going great!
    This am one large GT had broken the veil. Just got home & 3-4 more have broken.
    I’m about to harvest them.
    Question is what is the best thing to do w/ them as I wait for the others?
    Sounds like it will be in the next few days.
    Is it better to immediately put them in the dehydrator or can I wait until I have the full harvest?
    If okay to wait, what’s the best thing to do w/ them?
    Thanks again

    Reply

    1. Congratulations! You made my evening 😉 My advice would be to start dehydration as soon as possible. Fresh magic mushrooms loose their potency quickly (I seem to remember reading something around the 5-6 days, even if placed in the fridge). Sometimes when my flushes are not even, my dehydrator just runs 24/7 for a week or two, until all the mushrooms are dried up. I usually go and pick them every morning, and then pass by the dehydrator and drop them there for a day or two. I then place them in an air tight container with some food grade silica to pull any remaining moisture out. And i’ll say it again – congratulations!

      Reply

      1. Awesome!
        Thank you for the quick reply!! I put them in the fridge, but now I’ll go fire up the dehydrator.
        Also, they’re pretty thick & I cut them @ the base Instead of how you said to harvest…
        Does it matter or should I do like you said going forward?
        Much love!!

        Reply

        1. You’re ver welcome. It’s ok to cut them at the base, personal preference really. The trick with dehydration is to make sure they are *crisp dry* before you remove them from the dehydrator. If any moisture remains in them, they will mould up and rot fairly quickly. Sometimes thats even 48 hours in the dehydrator for the big mushrooms…

          Reply

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